[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":705},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/aws-fargate-codebuild-build-containers-gitlab-runner/":3,"navigation-en-us":37,"banner-en-us":452,"footer-en-us":467,"Elliot Rushton":678,"next-steps-en-us":690},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":27,"_id":30,"_type":31,"title":32,"_source":33,"_file":34,"_stem":35,"_extension":36},"/en-us/blog/aws-fargate-codebuild-build-containers-gitlab-runner","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"Building containers with GitLab Runner & AWS Fargate executor","Build containers with the AWS Fargate Custom Executor for GitLab Runner and AWS CodeBuild","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749667132/Blog/Hero%20Images/build-container-image-runner-fargate-codebuild-cover.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/aws-fargate-codebuild-build-containers-gitlab-runner","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"How to build containers with the AWS Fargate Custom Executor for GitLab Runner and AWS CodeBuild\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Elliot Rushton\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2020-07-31\",\n      }",{"title":17,"description":10,"authors":18,"heroImage":11,"date":20,"body":21,"category":22,"tags":23},"How to build containers with the AWS Fargate Custom Executor for GitLab Runner and AWS CodeBuild",[19],"Elliot Rushton","2020-07-31","\n\nAWS Fargate does not allow containers to run in privileged mode. This means Docker-in-Docker (DinD), which enables the building and running of container images inside of containers, does not work with the [AWS Fargate Custom Executor driver for GitLab Runner](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/ci-cd/custom-executor-drivers/fargate). The good news is that users don't have to be blocked by this and may use a cloud-native approach to build containers, effectively leveraging a seamless integration with AWS CodeBuild in the [CI/CD pipeline](/topics/ci-cd/).\n\nWe provide in-depth instructions on how to autoscale GitLab CI on AWS Fargate in [GitLab Runner's documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/runner_autoscale_aws_fargate/index.html). In this blog post, we explain how to instrument CI containers and source repositories to trigger AWS CodeBuild and use it to build container images.\n\n## Architecture overview\n\n![AWS Fargate + CodeBuild: a cloud-native approach to build containers with GitLab Runner](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/build-container-image-runner-fargate-codebuild.png)\nHow distinct CI workloads run on Fargate.\n{: .note.text-center}\n\nThe picture above illustrates distinct GitLab CI workloads running on Fargate. The container identified by `ci-coordinator (001)` is running a typical CI job which does not build containers, so it does not require additional configuration or dependencies. The second container, `ci-coordinator (002)`, illustrates the problem to be tackled in this post: The CI container includes the AWS CLI in order to send content to an Amazon S3 Bucket, trigger the AWS CodeBuild job, and fetch logs.\n\n## Prerequisites\n\nOnce these prerequisites are configured, you can dive into the six-step process to configure CI containers and source repositories to trigger AWS CodeBuild and use it to build container images.\n\n- The [AWS Fargate Custom Executor driver for GitLab Runner](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/ci-cd/custom-executor-drivers/fargate) must be set-up appropriately.\n- Ensure the AWS IAM user permissions include the ability to create and configure S3 and CodeBuild resources.\n- AWS IAM user or service role with permissions to upload files to S3, start CodeBuild jobs, and read CloudWatch Logs.\n- AWS IAM user with permissions to create and configure IAM Policies and Users.\n\n## Step 1: Create an AWS S3 bucket\n\n1. In the top menu of [AWS Management Console](https://aws.amazon.com/console/) click Services.\n1. In the Storage section, select `S3`.\n1. Click `Create bucket`.\n1. Choose a descriptive name (`ci-container-build-bucket` will be used as example) and select your preferred region.\n1. Leave all other fields with default values and click `Create bucket`.\n1. In the Buckets list, click the name of the bucket you created.\n1. Click `Create folder`.\n1. Give it the `gitlab-runner-builds` name.\n1. Click `Save`.\n\n## Step 2: Create an AWS CodeBuild Project\n\n1. Using the AWS Console, click `Services` in the top menu\n1. Select `CodeBuild` in the Developer Tools section\n1. Click `Create build project`\n1. In `Project Name` enter `ci-container-build-project`\n1. In `Source provider` select `Amazon S3`\n1. In `Bucket` select the `ci-container-build-bucket` created in step one\n1. In S3 object key or S3 folder enter `gitlab-runner-builds/build.zip`\n1. In `Environment image`, select `Managed image`\n1. For `Operating system` select your preferred OS from the available options\n1. For `Runtime(s)`, choose `Standard`.\n1. For `Image`, select `aws/codebuild/standard:4.0`\n1. For `Image version`, select `Always use the latest image for this runtime version`\n1. For `Environment type` select `Linux`\n1. Check the `Privileged` flag\n1. For the `Service role` select `New service role` and note the sugggested `Role name`\n1. For `Build specifications` select `Use a buildspec file`\n1. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and click \"Create build project\"\n\n## Step 3: Build the CI container image\n\nAs stated in Autoscaling GitLab CI on AWS Fargate, a [custom container is required](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/runner_autoscale_aws_fargate/index.html#step-1-prepare-a-base-container-image-for-the-aws-fargate-task) to run GitLab CI jobs on Fargate. Since the solution relies on communicating with S3 and CodeBuild, you'll need to [have the AWS CLI tool](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/install-cliv2.html) available in the CI container.\n\nInstall the `zip` tool to make S3 communication smoother. As an example of a Ubuntu-based container, the lines below must be added to the CI container's `Dockerfile`:\n\n```dockerfile\nRUN apt-get update -qq -y \\\n    && apt-get install -qq -y curl unzip zip \\\n    && curl -Lo awscliv2.zip https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip \\\n    && unzip awscliv2.zip \\\n    && ./aws/install\n```\n\n## Step 4: Add CodeBuild configuration to the repository\n\nBy default, CodeBuild looks for a file named `buildspec.yml` in the build source. This file will instruct CodeBuild on how to build and publish the resulting container image. Create this file with the content below and commit it to the git repository (_if you changed the **Buildspec name** when configuring the CodeBuild project [in Step 2](#buildspec), please create the file accordingly_):\n\n```yaml\nversion: 0.2\n\nphases:\n  install:\n    commands:\n      - nohup /usr/local/bin/dockerd --host=unix:///var/run/docker.sock --host=tcp://127.0.0.1:2375 --storage-driver=overlay2&\n      - timeout 15 sh -c \"until docker info; do echo .; sleep 1; done\"\n  build:\n    commands:\n      - echo Build started on `date`\n      - docker -v\n      - docker build -t \u003CIMAGE-TAG> .\n      - echo Build completed on `date`\n```\n\n## Step 5: Set up the GitLab CI job\n\nNow we will set up the GitLab CI job that will pull everything together.\n\n### Interacting with CodeBuild through the AWS CLI\n\nThe CI job will need to interact with AWS Cloud to start CodeBuild jobs, poll the status of the jobs, and fetch logs. Commands such as `aws codebuild` and `aws logs` help to tackle this, so let's use them in a script, `codebuild.sh`:\n\n```bash\n#!/bin/bash\n\nbuild_project=ci-container-build-project\nbuild_id=$(aws codebuild start-build --project-name $build_project --query 'build.id' --output text)\nbuild_status=$(aws codebuild batch-get-builds --ids $build_id --query 'builds[].buildStatus' --output text)\n\nwhile [ $build_status == \"IN_PROGRESS\" ]\ndo\n    sleep 10\n    build_status=$(aws codebuild batch-get-builds --ids $build_id --query 'builds[].buildStatus' --output text)\ndone\n\nstream_name=$(aws codebuild batch-get-builds --ids $build_id --query 'builds[].logs.streamName' --output text)\ngroup_name=$(aws codebuild batch-get-builds --ids $build_id --query 'builds[].logs.groupName' --output text)\n\naws logs get-log-events --log-stream-name $stream_name --log-group-name $group_name --query 'events[].message' --output text\necho Codebuild completed with status $build_status\n```\n\n### Add a job to build the resulting container\n\nOnce the steps one through five are complete, the source repository will be structured as follows:\n\n```plaintext\n/sample-repository\n  ├── .gitlab-ci.yml\n  ├── buildspec.yml\n  ├── codebuild.sh\n  ├── Dockerfile\n  ├── \u003CAPPLICATION-FILES>\n```\n\nThe final step to build the container is to add a job to `.gitlab-ci.yml`:\n\n```yaml\ndockerbuild:\n  stage: deploy\n  script:\n    - zip build.zip buildspec.yml Dockerfile \u003CAPPLICATION-FILES>\n    - aws configure set default.region \u003CREGION>\n    - aws s3 cp build.zip s3://ci-container-build-bucket/gitlab-runner-builds/build.zip\n    - bash codebuild.sh\n```\n\nBelow are some definitions from terms in the script:\n\n- `\u003CAPPLICATION-FILES>` is a placeholder for the files that will be required to successfully build the resulting container image using the `Dockerfile`, e.g., `package.json` and `app.js` in a Node.js application\n- `Dockerfile` is used to build the resulting image. _Note: It is not the same file used to build the CI container image, mentioned in [Step 3: Build the CI container image](#step-3-build-the-ci-container-image)_\n- Zip and AWS CLI must be installed in the CI container to make the script work – refer to [Step 3: Build the CI container image](#step-3-build-the-ci-container-image) for details\n\n## Step 6: Set up AWS credentials\n\nThe final step is to set up the AWS credentials. As we already mentioned, the CI job will interact with AWS through the AWS CLI to perform a number of operations, and to do that, the AWS CLI needs to authenticate as an IAM user with the permissions listed below. We recommend you create a new user and grant it minimal privileges instead of using your personal AWS user account. For the sake of simplicity, we suggest this approach to complete this walk-through guide.\n\nThis AWS user only needs programmatic access and do not forget to make note of its Access key ID and Secret access key – they will be needed later. A simple way to grant only the minimal privileges for the new user is to create a customer managed policy since it can be directly attached to the user. A group might also be used to grant the same privileges for more users, but it is not mandatory for running the sample workflow.\n\n- S3\n\n  ```json\n  {\n    \"Effect\": \"Allow\",\n    \"Action\": \"s3:PutObject\",\n    \"Resource\": \"arn:aws:s3:::ci-container-build-bucket/gitlab-runner-builds/*\"\n  }\n  ```\n\n- CodeBuild\n\n  ```json\n  {\n    \"Effect\": \"Allow\",\n    \"Action\": [\"codebuild:StartBuild\", \"codebuild:BatchGetBuilds\"],\n    \"Resource\": \"arn:aws:codebuild:\u003CREGION>:\u003CACCOUNT-ID>:project/ci-container-build-project\"\n  }\n  ```\n\n- CloudWatch Logs\n\n  ```json\n  {\n    \"Effect\": \"Allow\",\n    \"Action\": \"logs:GetLogEvents\",\n    \"Resource\": \"arn:aws:logs:\u003CREGION>:\u003CACCOUNT-ID>:log-group:/aws/codebuild/ci-container-build-project:log-stream:*\"\n  }\n  ```\n\nThe access credentials can be provided to AWS CLI through GitLab CI environment variables. Please go to your GitLab Project's **CI/CD Settings**, click **Expand** in the **Variables** section, add `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` and `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` with the values you got from the AWS Management Console after creating the IAM user. See the image below for the result you can expect:\n\n![Providing AWS credentials for GitLab Runner](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/build-container-image-runner-fargate-codebuild-credentials.png)\n\nUsing an IAM Role and [Amazon ECS temporary/unique security credentials](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/developerguide/task-iam-roles.html) is also possible, but not covered in this tutorial.\n{: .note.text-center}\n\n## Step 7: It's showtime\n\nWith all configurations in place, commit the changes and trigger a new pipeline to watch the magic happen!\n\n### Just need the highlights?\n\n1. The CI job script added in [Step 5](#add-a-job-to-build-the-resulting-container) compresses the resulting container image build files into `build.zip`\n1. `build.zip` is then uploaded to the S3 Bucket we created in [Step 1: Create an Amazon S3 Bucket](#step-1-create-an-amazon-s3-bucket)\n1. Next, `codebuild.sh` starts a CodeBuild job based on the project created in [Step 2: Create an AWS CodeBuild Project](#step-2-create-an-aws-codebuild-project) (Note: that project has an S3 object as its source provider)\n1. Finally, the CodeBuild job downloads `gitlab-runner-builds/build.zip` from S3, decompresses it and – from `buildspec.yml`– builds the resulting container image\n\nA sample repository, demonstrating everything described in the article is available [here](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/ci-cd/custom-executor-drivers/codebuild-on-fargate-example/).\n\n## Cleanup\n\nIf you want to perform a cleanup after testing the custom executor with AWS Fargate and CodeBuild, you should remove the following objects:\n\n- AWS S3 bucket created in [Step 1](#step-1-create-an-amazon-s3-bucket)\n- AWS CodeBuild project created in [Step 2](#step-2-create-an-aws-codebuild-project)\n- `RUN` command added to the CI container image in [Step 3](#step-3-build-the-ci-container-image)\n- The `buildspec.yml` file created in [Step 4](#step-4-add-codebuild-configuration-to-the-repository)\n- The `codebuild.sh` file created in [Step 5](#step-5-set-up-the-gitlab-ci-job)\n- The `dockerbuild` job added to `.gitlab-ci.yml` in 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