[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":705},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/how-we-automatically-fixed-hundreds-of-ruby-2-7-deprecation-warnings/":3,"navigation-en-us":34,"banner-en-us":451,"footer-en-us":466,"Thong Kuah":677,"next-steps-en-us":690},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":24,"_id":27,"_type":28,"title":29,"_source":30,"_file":31,"_stem":32,"_extension":33},"/en-us/blog/how-we-automatically-fixed-hundreds-of-ruby-2-7-deprecation-warnings","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"How we automatically fixed thousands of Ruby 2.7 deprecation warnings","The upgrade to Ruby 2.7 for GitLab involved thousands of deprecation warnings across hundreds of files. Here's how we fixed most of them.","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749681882/Blog/Hero%20Images/daria-nepriakhina-zNU3ErDAbAw-unsplash.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/how-we-automatically-fixed-hundreds-of-ruby-2-7-deprecation-warnings","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"How we automatically fixed thousands of Ruby 2.7 deprecation warnings\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Thong Kuah\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2021-02-03\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":19,"body":20,"category":21,"tags":22},[18],"Thong Kuah","2021-02-03","\n\nRuby 3.0 was just released on Dec. 25, 2020, with some new features and some breaking changes.\nGitLab was at Ruby 2.6, and we wanted to upgrade to Ruby 2.7 in preparation to eventually upgrade to Ruby 3.\n\nIn Ruby 3.0, [positional and keyword arguments will be separated](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2019/12/12/separation-of-positional-and-keyword-arguments-in-ruby-3-0/). To help developers prepare for this, in Ruby 2.7,\nwarnings were added. In GitLab, we discovered we have [thousands\nof such warnings](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/257438) across hundreds of files:\n\n```\nwarning: Using the last argument as keyword parameters is deprecated; maybe ** should be added to the call\n```\n\n## Boring solutions\n\nTo address this warning, the obvious, and boring solution was to simply add `**` to the last keyword argument.\nFor the most part, this is what we did. However, while this was under way, we also developed a RuboCop check that could\ndetect, and automatically fix the keyword arguments. The benefit for this approach was that we can\n[autocorrect](https://docs.rubocop.org/rubocop/usage/auto_correct.html) any existing warnings en masse.\n\nThe tricky part about this is that RuboCop is designed to statically analyze Ruby code, whereas the warnings were\ngenerated by Ruby at runtime.\n\n## A way forward\n\nAfter some research, we found a way to utilize our comprehensive RSpec test suite to\ngather all the warnings using the [Deprecation Toolkit gem](https://github.com/shopify/deprecation_toolkit). We also\nconsidered using the [warning gem](https://github.com/jeremyevans/ruby-warning) at one point, but preferred Deprecation Toolkit\nas the results were easier to process.\n\nDeprecation Toolkit supports RSpec out of the box, so it was really simple to configure. It also has a simple YAML-based file format to record all deprecations. We then adapted this to record deprecation warnings for Ruby 2.7\nlast keyword arguments with:\n\n```ruby\n  kwargs_warnings = [\n    # Taken from https://github.com/jeremyevans/ruby-warning/blob/1.1.0/lib/warning.rb#L18\n    %r{warning: (?:Using the last argument (?:for `.+' )?as keyword parameters is deprecated; maybe \\*\\* should be added to the call|Passing the keyword argument (?:for `.+' )?as the last hash parameter is deprecated|Splitting the last argument (?:for `.+' )?into positional and keyword parameters is deprecated|The called method (?:`.+' )?is defined here)\\n\\z}\n  ]\n  DeprecationToolkit::Configuration.warnings_treated_as_deprecation = kwargs_warnings\n```\n\nLastly, we wrote a new RuboCop check, called\n[`Lint/LastKeywordArgument`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/632b7768f7f9014951170a006489d66b34001c68/rubocop/cop/lint/last_keyword_argument.rb),\nthat checks against the YAML files generated by Deprecation Toolkit, and\ngenerates offenses. Now we can very quickly, statically check the whole GitLab\ncodebase, and even autocorrect! You can see how [Deprecation Toolkit and the\n`LastKeywordArgument` check was put together in this merge\nrequest](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/47720). You can\nsee a sample output from running the `LastKeywordArgument` cop check:\n\n![LastKeywordArgument RuboCop offenses](https://about.gitlab.com/images/blogimages/last-keyword-argument-rubocop-offenses.png){: .shadow.center}\nSample output from running the `LastKeywordArgument` cop check\n{: .note .text-center}\n\n## Automatically fix everything\n\nNow we have an automatic RuboCop check, which can also autocorrect, we create merge requests to autocorrect!\nFor example, we autocorrected 62 instances across [39 spec files](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/48407).\nAutomation for the win!\n\nWe then went one step further, and integrated this in our GitLab CI pipelines. Using the `artifacts` feature of GitLab CI, we\ngathered the `deprecations` directory from all RSpec jobs (we have about 400 such jobs). After all the RSpec jobs have passed, we then made a `post-test` job to\n[check the results](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/49792) with the `LastKeywordArgument` cop. Below is a\nsnippet of the GitLab CI `.gitlab-ci.yml` configuration:\n\n```yaml\nstages:\n  - test\n  - post-test\n\n# This inherited job is used by all RSpec jobs\n.rspec-base:\n  stage: test\n  artifacts:\n    - deprecations/\n\n# GitLab CI job artifacts from previous stages are passed to this job\nrspec:deprecations:\n  stage: post-test\n  script:\n    - bundle exec rubocop --only Lint/LastKeywordArgument --parallel\n  artifacts:\n    - deprecations/\n```\n\nThis enabled us to have a single job where [we can see all deprecation warnings](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/jobs/991299621).\n\n## Conclusion\n\nWith this measure we went from about 30,000 warnings related to keyword arguments to about 800 remaining warnings, largely stemming from\ndependencies. Feel free to follow our progress in [GitLab issue #257438](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/257438), and contribute to\nfix the remaining warnings if you are interested!\n\nCover image by [Daria Nepriakhina](https://unsplash.com/@epicantus) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/photos/zNU3ErDAbAw)\n{: .note}\n","engineering",[23],"open source",{"slug":25,"featured":6,"template":26},"how-we-automatically-fixed-hundreds-of-ruby-2-7-deprecation-warnings","BlogPost","content:en-us:blog:how-we-automatically-fixed-hundreds-of-ruby-2-7-deprecation-warnings.yml","yaml","How We Automatically Fixed Hundreds Of Ruby 2 7 Deprecation 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