[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":706},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/the-contributions-we-made-to-the-git-2-43-release/":3,"navigation-en-us":36,"banner-en-us":452,"footer-en-us":467,"John Cai":678,"next-steps-en-us":691},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":26,"_id":29,"_type":30,"title":31,"_source":32,"_file":33,"_stem":34,"_extension":35},"/en-us/blog/the-contributions-we-made-to-the-git-2-43-release","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"The contributions we made to the Git 2.43 release","Git 2.43 included some improvements from GitLab's Git team. Here are some highlights from the work the team has done on Git and why it matters.","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749659507/Blog/Hero%20Images/AdobeStock_623844718.jpg","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/the-contributions-we-made-to-the-git-2-43-release","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"The contributions we made to the Git 2.43 release\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"John Cai\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2024-01-11\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":19,"body":20,"category":21,"tags":22},[18],"John Cai","2024-01-11","[Git 2.43](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/git/-/raw/master/Documentation/RelNotes/2.43.0.txt)\nwas officially released on November 20, 2023, and included some improvements from GitLab's Git team. Here are some highlights from the work our team has\ndone on Git and why it matters.\n\n## Segmenting objects across packfiles\n\nIn Git 2.43, [Christian Couder](https://about.gitlab.com/company/team/#chriscool)\nadded a `--filter` option to the `git repack` command. Supported filter (see the\n[filter-spec docs](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-rev-list#Documentation/git-rev-list.txt---filterltfilter-specgt)) can be added to the `git repack --filter` flag. This will cause the filtered out objects to be\npacked into a separate packfile.\n\nA `--filter-to` option was also added. Providing this option will cause Git to write the filtered packfile to the specified location on the filesystem.\n\n### Why it matters\n\nGitaly servers host Git repositories and incur storage costs. In many repositories however, not all the objects need to be accessed all the time. Allowing Git to\noffload some repository data onto a different packfile paves the way for storage optimizations whereby we can choose to segment the Git repository data and place\ncertain kinds of objects on cheaper storage such as slower disks or object storage.\n\n## Checking object existence\n\nIn Git, to check the existence of an object one would have to rely on Git returning an error if it couldn’t find an object. However, to date, there has not been a generic way in Git to check the existence of an object. There were certain edge cases that were not handled well by the underlying Git code. For example, if a reference exists as a symbolic reference, but its target branch does not exist.\n\n[Patrick Steinhardt](https://about.gitlab.com/company/team/#pks-gitlab) added the `--exists` option to `git show` as a generic way to check for object existence.\n\n### Why it matters\n\nThe Gitaly team has started work to upstream the [reftable backend](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/11652) into the Git project. This new flag enables consistent validation of object existence to fix a number of tests to work with the reftables backend.\n\n## Find missing commit objects \n\n`git rev-list`'s `--missing` option provides information about objects that are referenced but are missing from a repository. Up to this release however, this option only worked with blobs and trees. Missing commits would cause `git rev-list` to fail with a fatal error.\n\nIn Git 2.43, [Karthik Nayak](https://about.gitlab.com/company/team/#knayakgl)\nextended the `--missing` option to work with commit objects.\n\n### Why it matters\n\nGitaly's next-generation repository replication implementation relies on a [write\nahead log](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/8911) (WAL) that logs every write to a repository.\n\nThe upcoming WAL creates separate log entries per transaction – as such, some transactions contain reference updates. In these transactions, it is necessary to identify new git objects being added to the repository. The WAL implementation uses a quarantine directory to stage these new objects. \n\nWe can now use git-rev-list(1) along with the --missing flag, to identify all the objects that are newly added and required and also boundary commits that connect the quarantine directory to the main object directory.\n\n## Read gitattributes from HEAD in bare repos\n\nStarting in 2.43, [John Cai](https://about.gitlab.com/company/team/#jcaigitlab)\nmade a change that allows [Git attributes](https://git-scm.com/docs/gitattributes) to start to read attributes from the tree that HEAD points to by default, in bare repositories.\n\n### Why it matters\n\nTo reduce some tech debt around how git attributes are read in a repository, we added the ability to pass a tree object directly to Git through the [`--attr-source` flag](https://git-scm.com/docs/git#Documentation/git.txt---attr-sourcelttree-ishgt).\n\nPassing in `HEAD` to `--attr-source` would fail however, when `HEAD` pointed to and unborn branch, Gitaly would have needed to use a separate call to check if `HEAD` were unborn before passing it in.\n\nThis change not only causes Git to read attributes from `HEAD` by default, which means we don't need to pass in anything, but also silently ignores it if `HEAD` is unborn, which is the behavior we want in Gitaly. This way, we don't need to make any code changes in Gitaly for this to work.\n\nThis leads to simplification on the Gitaly side, as we seek to remove some [technical debt around gitattributes](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/9006)\nput in during a time when Git lacked support around reading gitattributes in bare repositories.\n\n## Bug fixes\n\n[Patrick Steinhardt](https://about.gitlab.com/company/team/#pks-gitlab) fixed a bug in `git rev-list –stdin`.  \n\nSteinhardt also addressed an existing issue in [commit-graphs](https://git-scm.com/docs/commit-graph) whereby commits parsed from the commit-graph weren’t always checked for existence. 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