[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":716},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/en-us/blog/upgrading-bootstrap-vue/":3,"navigation-en-us":33,"banner-en-us":450,"footer-en-us":465,"Enrique Alcántara-Paul Gascou-Vaillancourt":676,"next-steps-en-us":701},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"seo":8,"content":16,"config":23,"_id":26,"_type":27,"title":28,"_source":29,"_file":30,"_stem":31,"_extension":32},"/en-us/blog/upgrading-bootstrap-vue","blog",false,"",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogTitle":9,"ogDescription":10,"noIndex":6,"ogImage":11,"ogUrl":12,"ogSiteName":13,"ogType":14,"canonicalUrls":12,"schema":15},"Upgrading bootstrap-vue in gitlab-ui","How we upgraded BootstrapVue to v2 stable in GitLab UI, our UI library, and what challenges we encountered in the process","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1749664102/Blog/Hero%20Images/gitlab-values-cover.png","https://about.gitlab.com/blog/upgrading-bootstrap-vue","https://about.gitlab.com","article","\n                        {\n        \"@context\": \"https://schema.org\",\n        \"@type\": \"Article\",\n        \"headline\": \"Upgrading bootstrap-vue in gitlab-ui\",\n        \"author\": [{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Enrique Alcántara\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Paul Gascou-Vaillancourt\"}],\n        \"datePublished\": \"2020-01-24\",\n      }",{"title":9,"description":10,"authors":17,"heroImage":11,"date":20,"body":21,"category":22},[18,19],"Enrique Alcántara","Paul Gascou-Vaillancourt","2020-01-24","\n\n{::options parse_block_html=\"true\" /}\n\n\n\n\u003C!-- Content start here -->\n\nThree months ago, we started a process to upgrade bootstrap-vue in gitlab-ui from `2.0.0-rc.27` to the\nlatest stable version. You may wonder: Why has it taken so long? We found several impediments along the\nway caused by backward compatibility issues widespread across GitLab’s codebase. In this blog post\nwe’ll cover the following topics:\n\n1. [How GitLab CI helped us during the migration](#1-how-gitlab-ci-helped-us-during-the-migration)\n1. [Bootstrap-vue breaking changes](#2-bootstrap-vue-breaking-changes)\n\n## 1. How GitLab CI helped us during the migration\n\nWhen dealing with a situation like this, where one of your libraries introduces a lot of breaking\nchanges that need to be iteratively fixed in the products that depend on them, having access to\ngreat tools like GitLab CI can be a huge time-saver, especially in a distributed company like GitLab.\n\nIt goes without saying that GitLab itself is heavily tested, with tens or even hundreds of CI jobs\nrun against every commit. While this is extremely useful, GitLab depends on an official\nrelease of GitLab UI which is pinned in its `package.json`. This isn't helpful in our case\nbecause we don't want to release a new version of GitLab UI with BootstrapVue 2.0.0 stable unless we're\nabsolutely certain that it won’t cause adverse effects in GitLab.\n\nWhile there are several ways to test an unreleased version of an NPM package in a project, we would\nlike to briefly explain how we did it thanks to a few GitLab CI jobs that demonstrate how you can\ntake advantage of this powerful feature for things that go beyond running test suites in your projects.\n\n### npm publish\n\nLet's talk briefly about the [`npm publish`](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/publish) command: it is the\ncommand that you would run to publish an NPM package to NPM's registry. When running the command, a\ntarball of your package is created and uploaded to the registry where it is tagged with the `version`\nthat's defined in your `package.json`. This is great, but once you run the publish command, a new\nversion of your package becomes publicly available. Of course you could release beta versions of your\npackage but then again, you would most likely bloat the registry with versions of your package that\nyou know won't work. So, is there a way to publish a test npm package outside the npm registry?\n\n### yarn pack\n\nWhat now? Another CLI command? Okay so what does this one do? According to the doc,\n[`yarn pack`](https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/cli/pack)\n\n> Creates a compressed gzip archive of package dependencies.\n\nSo this means that it archives your package, like `npm publish` does, except that the archive will\nstay on your computer and won't be uploaded or published to any registry. And you can even give your\narchive a name using the `--filename` flag.\n\n### Okay, so how does that help us?\n\nAll right, let's see how this is useful in GitLab UI's CI setup. If you look at the `.gitlab-ci.yml`\nfile in GitLab UI, you'll see an [`upload_artifacts`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ui/blob/3e8fd5e7f54542b7534203d65097039a3e731fd7/.gitlab-ci.yml#L183-201)\njob.\n\n```\nupload_artifacts:\n  extends: .node\n  stage: deploy\n  variables:\n    TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME: gitlab-ui.$CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG.tgz\n  needs:\n    - build\n  script:\n    - yarn pack --filename $TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME\n    - DEPENDENCY_URL=\"$CI_PROJECT_URL/-/jobs/$CI_JOB_ID/artifacts/raw/$TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME\"\n    - echo \"The package.json dependency URL is $DEPENDENCY_URL\"\n    - echo $DEPENDENCY_URL > .dependency_url\n  artifacts:\n    when: always\n    paths:\n      - $TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME\n      - .dependency_url\n  only:\n    - /.+/@gitlab-org/gitlab-ui\n```\n\nNotice how this job depends on the `build` job via the `needs` option, this means that it will\nonly run after `build` has completed, and it will have access to `build`'s artifacts, which, among\nother things, contain the production-ready compiled version of GitLab UI. Now `upload_artifacts`\ndoes 3 important things:\n\n- It declares a `TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME` envrionment variable which is a combination of `gitlab-ui` and the\ncurrent branch's name, followed by the `.tgz` extension.\n- It calls `yarn pack --filename $TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME` which, as we've seen above, will create an\narchive of the package's dependencies, including the production-ready bundle from the `build` job.\n- And finally, it lists `$TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME` as one the job's artifacts paths.\n\nThe last point is where all the magic happens, because the package's archive now becomes a\ndownloadable artifact, which means that we have a kind of simple and private registry for all of our\ndevelopment branches from which we can install GitLab UI's development builds to test them out in\nGitLab. Notice how the job also prints a URL which is constructed this way:\n`$CI_PROJECT_URL/-/jobs/$CI_JOB_ID/artifacts/raw/$TAR_ARCHIVE_NAME`. This gives us a direct download\nlink to the archived package that we can use to install the build in GitLab:\n\n```sh\nyarn add @gitlab/ui@$DEPENDENCY_URL\n```\n\nWhere `$DEPENDENCY_URL` is the artifact's URL.\n\nThis has helped us a lot during this big migration because we were able to open a merge request in\nGitLab where the `package.json` would point to our GitLab UI development build. This allowed us to\nbenefit from the huge CI pipeline could benefit from the huge CI pipeline in GitLab to run every test\nsuite, thus giving us a nice overview of what needed to be fixed. It was also very useful in terms of\ncollaboration, because we were able to involve more engineers in the migration process without\nrequiring them to setup their local environment in any particular way. They would simply checkout the\ndevelopment branch, run `yarn install`, and they would be good to go.\n\nThis is only one of the endless possibilities that GitLab CI offers. Hopefully it gave you some\nideas for your own special CI job!\n\n## 2. Bootstrap-vue breaking changes\n\n### Different import statements\n\nImporting bootstrap-vue components requires a different syntax. In bootstrap-vue 2.0.0-rc.27 (previous version in production), we imported components directly from the source path:\n\n```javascript\nimport BDropdown from 'bootstrap-vue/src/components/dropdown/dropdown';\n```\n\nIn bootstrap-vue 2.0, the component source file does not have a default\n[export statement anymore](https://github.com/bootstrap-vue/bootstrap-vue/blob/dev/src/components/dropdown/dropdown.js#L85).\nTo circumvent this issue, we changed all import statements to reference bootstrap-vue main import file.\n\n```javascript\nimport { BDropdown } from 'bootstrap-vue';\n```\n\n### A new slot syntax for BVTable and BVTab components\n\n#### Tables\n\nBootstrap-vue BTable dynamically generates Vue template slots based on the table’s\n[column definitions](https://bootstrap-vue.js.org/docs/components/table)\nto customize the presentation of\n[content](https://bootstrap-vue.js.org/docs/components/table#custom-data-rendering).\nIn bootstrap-vue 2.0, the naming syntax for these slots changed:\n\n```html\n\u003Ctemplate #cell(project)=\"data\">\n```\n\nGitLab uses BTable widely, and we found several approaches to declare these slots across the codebase:\n\n```html\n\u003C!-- Version 1 -->\n\u003Ctemplate #HEAD_changeInPercent=\"{ label }\">\n\n\u003C!-- Version 2 -->\n\u003Ctemplate #name=\"items\">\n\n\u003C!-- Version 3 -->\n\u003Ctemplate slot=\"project\" slot-scope=\"data\">\n```\n\nGitLab test suite detected the components broken by this change when running the tests using the artifact generated by gitlab-ui.\nWe fixed these failures in the [upgrade bootstrap-vue merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/merge_requests/18913).\n\n#### Tabs\n\nThe BTabs component does not have the `tabs` slot anymore (BV deprecated this slot in previous versions). You should use `tabs-end` instead.\n\n```html\n\u003Ctemplate #tabs> \u003C!-- Deprecated version -->\n\u003Ctemplate #tabs-end> \u003C!-- Use tabs-end instead -->\n \u003Cli class=\"nav-item align-self-center\">\n Contentless tab\n \u003C/li>\n\u003C/template>\n```\n\n### Heavily refactored tooltip and popover components\n\nThe changes introduced in the tooltip component generated the most significant number of side-effects in gitlab-ui and GitLab.\nFrom the bootstrap-vue changelog entry for 2.0.0:\n\n> Tooltips and popovers have been completely re-written for better reactivity and stability. The directive versions are now reactive to trigger element title attribute changes and configuration changes.\n\nSince the API for these components didn’t change, our codebase shouldn’t have been affected by their\nrefactoring. That wasn’t the case. When we ran the GitLab test suite, all test specs for components\nthat have the tooltip as a dependency failed. As you may realize, those are many Karma, Jest,\nand unit tests. You’ll wonder... what happened?\n\n#### Problem 1: The tooltip directive expects to be attached to the DOM document\n\nOne of the behaviors introduced by the tooltip component refactoring is that we can’t initialize the\ncomponent unless it is attached to the\n[document object](https://github.com/bootstrap-vue/bootstrap-vue/blob/dev/src/components/tooltip/helpers/bv-tooltip.js#L218). If that condition is not satisfied, bootstrap-vue logs the following\nwarning message, and won’t initialize the component:\n\n```log\n[BootstrapVue warn]: tooltip unable to find target element in document\"\n```\n\nNone of our unit tests attach the component under test to the [document](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/document) object. This action could cause memory leaks in Karma unit tests\nbecause test suite environments are not isolated.\n\nHow did we solve this problem?\n\nFirst, we migrated all the failing Karma tests to Jest in separate merge requests (see [group 1](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/merge_requests/18913?diff_id=70349853#1-karma) and [group 2](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/merge_requests/18913?diff_id=70349853#note_249314702)).\nWe also rewrote those tests to use vue-test-utils instead of a legacy vue test utility we wrote.\nThis step was essential because Karma doesn’t have dependency mocking capabilities.\nAlso, when mounting the component under test using vue-test-utils, we can easily attach it to the document using the [`attachToDocument`](https://vue-test-utils.vuejs.org/api/options.html#attachtodocument) flag.\n\nThe next steps were a mix of migrating Jest specs to vue-test-utils if needed and setting the `attachToDocument` flag to `true`.\nThe work ahead was staggering: We had to fix 74 test suites before calling a victory. Many of those specs required significant changes. To avoid increasing the size of the upgrade MR, we opened separate\nMRs for each spec file. Another advantage of using different MRs is that it enabled us to distribute\nthe migration effort among several hands.\n\n![upgrading bootstrap-vue](https://about.gitlab.com/images/upgrading-bootstrap-vue/failing-spec-list.png)\n\nOver time, this strategy became an uphill battle as more failing specs popped-up. We were pursuing a moving target, so we decided to\nfind an alternative. The reason behind adapting the failing tests to work with the rewritten tooltip is because tests were coupled to the\ntooltip implementation. Instead of honoring that coupling, we mocked the tooltip dependency to eliminate it. As explained\nby [vue test utils](https://vue-test-utils.vuejs.org/guides/#shallow-rendering):\n\n> In unit tests, we typically want to focus on the component being tested as an isolated unit and avoid indirectly asserting the behavior of its child components.\n\nWe used Jest [manual mock](https://jestjs.io/docs/en/manual-mocks#mocking-node-modules) feature to replace the tooltip directive\nwith a shallow version that only provides essential functionality to avoid breaking tests.\n\n```javascript\nexport * from '@gitlab/ui';\n\nexport const GlTooltipDirective = {\n bind() {},\n};\n\nexport const GlTooltip = {\n render(h) {\n return h('div', this.$attrs, this.$slots.default);\n },\n};\n```\n\n#### Problem 2: Asserting tooltip directive’s internals\n\nWe found many unit tests that contained the following assertion pattern:\n\n```javascript\nexpect(wrapper.attributes('data-original-title')).toContain(statusMessage);\n```\n\nThe purpose of this assertion is verifying that the content of a tooltip attached to a component\nis correct. The tooltip directive expects to find its content in the `title` attribute of an element.\nWhy were we verifying the `data-original-title` attribute then? Before bootstrap-vue 2.0, the tooltip\ndirective unset the `title` attribute and set `data-original-title` with the former’s value. All\nthe specs that asserted the tooltip’s content were coupled to this internal behavior. Once we\nupgraded to a version that didn’t follow this behavior, these specs failed.\n\nThe solution to this problem is very similar to problem 1’s. First, mocking the tooltip directive\nallowed us to decouple unit tests from BV implementation. Afterward, We just needed to replace all\n`data-original-title` references with the `title`.\n\n## Lessons learned\n\n### 1. Technical debt impacts significantly our ability to upgrade dependencies\n\nThis upgrade was costly because it required fixing hundreds of unit and feature tests. The costs\ncould’ve been much lower if we hadn’t had to migrate as many tests to use jest and vue-test-utils. This\nis a palpable reason to schedule time in each milestone to migrate specs written with legacy\npractices to modern ones.\n\nThe FE department has organized an effort to migrate legacy specs to use jest and vue-test-utils in this\n[epic](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/895). The epic also contains guidelines about how to do it.\nAll contributions are appreciated.\n\n\n### 2. Avoid testing component’s dependencies internals\n\nUnit tests should focus as much as possible in the component under test and refrain from making\nassumptions about how the component’s dependencies work. The other factor that increased costs\ndrastically was finding specs that made assumptions about how the tooltip directive worked under\nthe hood. We should strive to mock component’s dependencies to keep unit tests focused.\n\nThe FE department has opened a [merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/merge_requests/18296)\nthat proposes using higher-level selectors in unit tests. There are scenarios where an integration\ntest is more suited, though. We are also [discussing approaches](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/issues/26982)\nto have a better distinction between unit and integration tests in the frontend.\n\n## Useful resources\n\n[Bootstrap-vue 2.0 migration guide and changelogs](https://bootstrap-vue.js.org/docs/misc/changelog)\n\n\u003C!-- Content ends here -->\n","unfiltered",{"slug":24,"featured":6,"template":25},"upgrading-bootstrap-vue","BlogPost","content:en-us:blog:upgrading-bootstrap-vue.yml","yaml","Upgrading Bootstrap Vue","content","en-us/blog/upgrading-bootstrap-vue.yml","en-us/blog/upgrading-bootstrap-vue","yml",{"_path":34,"_dir":35,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"data":36,"_id":446,"_type":27,"title":447,"_source":29,"_file":448,"_stem":449,"_extension":32},"/shared/en-us/main-navigation","en-us",{"logo":37,"freeTrial":42,"sales":47,"login":52,"items":57,"search":387,"minimal":418,"duo":437},{"config":38},{"href":39,"dataGaName":40,"dataGaLocation":41},"/","gitlab 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